Nikopol

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Location - Ukraine, former Soviet Union                        

Age (of protore) - 28 Ma

Original size - 283 million tonnes of Mn

References

Varentsov, O. M., Stolyarov, A. S., Ivleva, E. I., Potkonen, N. I., gorshkov, A. I., Sokolova, A. L., and Gor'kova, N. V., 1997, On a geochemical model of the formation of the Early Oligocene manganese ores in the eastern Paratethys: the Nikopol' and other deposits of the southern Ukrainian Basin: Geology of Ore Deposits, v. 39, p. 40-57.

Basilevskaya, E. S., 1976, Chemical mineralogical investigations of manganese ores. Trudy Akademii Nauk SSSR Geologicheskii Institut No. 287.

Kuleshov, V. N., 2003, Isotopic composition (δ13C, δ18O) and the origin of manganese carbonate ores from the Early Oligocene Deposits, the Eastern Paratethys: Chemie der Erde, v. 63, p. 329-363.

major elements - trace elements - rare-earth elements - REE normalized - isotopes

Major Elements, oxide percent

 

 

 

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

%
MnO
Fe2O3t
SiO2
Al203
CaO
MgO
K2O
Na2O
TiO2
P205
LOI

Average

 
Mn oxide
49.71
6.37
 8.34 1.54
2.93
0.28
1.74
0.85
0.18
0.02
9.24

Average

 
Mn carb
36.15
7.22
 20.52 2.52
8.27
1.23
1.05
1.08
0.14
0.09
16.33
1 manganite
69.18
1.55
0.56
0.20
0.60
0.87
2      Mn oxide
58.58
3.21
0.42
0.10
1.25
0.82
3 Mn oxide
38.48
5.82
0.98
0.40
1.45
0.62
4 Mn oxide
25.55
15.72
11.63
0.40
1.58
1.06
5 Mn oxide
56.76
5.57
1.05
0.30
3.80
0.87
6 Mn carb + ox
25.90
19.13
8.72
1.34
0.69
0.68
15.65
7 Mn carb + ox
34.76
3.08
8.87
0.56
1.03
1.75
19.25
8      Mnox on carb
43.83
4.96
5.17
1.70
1.84
1.21
4.50
9 Mn ox on carb
45.05
5.93
7.80
1.28
0.97
0.87
11.60
10      Mn carbonate
31.21
3.01
10.79
1.28
0.71
0.87
30.65
11 clay
0.50
4.23
1.12
1.84
2.16
0.87
0.47
12 clay
0.05
7.03
1.11
1.85
2.40
0.73
0.67

Data of Varentsov et al. When an element was not reported, averages from Basilevskaya are used (see spreadsheet for full dataset).

Trace elements, ppm

 

 

ppm

ppm

ppm

ppm

ppm

ppm

ppm

ppm

ppm

ppm

ppm

ppm

ppm

ppm

ppm

ppm

ppm

ppm

ppm

 
As
Ba
Cd
Co
Cr
Cu
Mo
Nb
Ni
Pb
Rb
Sc
Sr
Th
U
V
Y
Zn
Zr
avg oxide
940
143
52
228
15
1930
128
210
69
44
avg carb  
2931
129
28
122
14
1712
78
73
53
41
1
370
135
45
230
11
670
55
140
62
49
2     
1100
145
58
185
15
1100
130
160
40
48
3
1100
190
32
260
21
780
180
110
43
110
4
330
90
23
250
14
2400
125
480
65
7
5
1800
155
100
215
13
4700
150
160
135
7
6
1400
105
14.5
190
12
220
80
36
16
97
7
4400
130
33
95
15
1500
55
55
20
7
8     
3000
115
40
135
12
4300
110
140
31
7
9
5800
130
50
140
15
2300
80
84
180
71
10     
56
165
2.3
48
15
240
65
52
18
23
11
290
380
2.3
76
12
230
145
21
47
130
12
400
240
4.5
35
19
370
220
30
30
170

blank or nr = not reported; bd = below detection

Rare-earth elements, ppm

 
Sample
La
Ce
Pr
Nd
Sm
Eu
Gd
Tb
Dy 
Ho 
Er 
Tm 
Yb
Lu
avg oxide
49.6
66.0
36.4
7.9
2.2
2.1
4.1
0.6
avg carb
24.2
50.2
17.8
3.2
0.9
0.7
1.5
0.2
1
24
42
18
3.60
0.85
0.70
1.60
0.22
2     
15
33
11
1.80
0.37
0.29
0.86
0.16
3
31
59
24
4.70
1.10
0.83
1.60
0.24
4
140
120
93
20.0
6.10
6.70
12.00
1.70
5
38
76
36
9.30
2.70
2.10
4.20
0.64
6
12
27
11
1.70
0.40
0.35
0.90
0.12
7
20
45
16
2.60
0.69
0.44
1.10
0.17
8     
47
84
30
6.00
2.00
1.60
2.70
0.47
9
23
59
17
2.80
0.72
0.51
1.10
0.16
10     
19
36
15
3.1
0.79
0.6
1.7
0.24
11
24
47
19
4.00
0.88
0.57
1.60
0.24
12
41
73
20
3.40
0.62
0.52
1.80
0.27

Rare-earth elements,

normalized to chondritic values of Taylor & McLennan (1992)
Sample
LaN
CeN
PrN
NdN
SmN
EuN
GdN
TbN
YbN
Ce/Ce*
Eu/Eu*
LaN/YbN

LaN/YbN @Zr=0
avg oxide
135.15
68.97
70.62
51.20
34.11
25.56
35.49
36.62
16.34
0.706
0.735
8.272
 0.9904 0.7892 9.6557
avg carb
65.94
52.46
34.52
25.04
14.03
10.57
12.64
12.07
6.05
1.100
0.794
10.902
 0.8847 0.7634 8.8241
1
65.40
43.89
34.74
25.32
15.58
9.77
13.14
12.07
6.45
0.921
0.683
10.136
2     
40.87
34.48
21.39
15.47
7.79
4.25
5.80
5.00
3.47
1.166
0.633
11.786
3
84.47
61.65
45.83
33.76
20.35
12.64
16.09
14.31
6.45
0.991
0.699
13.093
4
381.4
125.3
186.8
130.8
86.58
70.11
104.9
115.5
48.39
0.470
0.736
7.884
5
103.5
79.41
64.27
50.63
40.26
31.03
37.51
36.21
16.94
0.974
0.799
6.114
6
32.70
28.21
19.85
15.47
7.36
4.60
6.45
6.03
3.63
1.107
0.667
9.010
7
54.50
47.02
30.22
22.50
11.26
7.93
8.65
7.59
4.44
1.159
0.804
12.286
8     
128.0
87.77
61.09
42.19
25.97
22.99
27.04
27.59
10.89
0.992
0.867
11.763
9
62.67
61.65
32.97
23.91
12.12
8.28
9.79
8.79
4.44
1.356
0.760
14.129
10     
51.77
37.62
28.46
21.10
13.42
9.08
11.28
10.34
6.85
0.980
0.738
7.552
11
65.40
49.11
36.01
26.72
17.32
10.11
11.87
9.83
6.45
1.012
0.706
10.136
12
111.7
76.28
44.55
28.13
14.72
7.13
10.58
8.97
7.26
1.081
0.571
15.392

Isotopes
Sample
   see plot of C v O δ13C pdb δ18O smow
Western ore field - avg
-9.05
28.79
Aleksandrov quarry    
2170
593
 Dark-gray-compact
–9.3
27.6
2171
594
 Gray-crumble
–7.0
28.6
2172
595
 Dark-gray-compact-cellular
–10.3
30.5
2173
596
 Dark-gray-compact
–11.4
28.0
2174
597
 Compact-cellular
–10.1
28.5
2230
920
 Dark-gray-compact
–8.2
30.4
2231
920
 Light-gray-crumbly
–10.0
26.3
2232
921
 Gray-compact-small-cellular
–7.2
29.2
2233
922
 Dark-gray-compact-cellular
–7.9
30.8
1619
1813
 Oxide-carbonate
–9.5
29.0
1622
1814
 Oxide-carbonate
–11.8
28.4
1624
1815
 Compact
–6.8
29.5
1625
1816
 Compact
–8.5
30.3
1935
1915
 Compact
–6.0
30.3
Alekseev quarry
1926
1906
 Porous
–5.7
28.6
2151
560
 Loose(Crumble)
–12.6
28.4
2152
563
 Loose(Crumble)
–11.2
27.2
Bogdanov quarry
2169
576
 Light-gray-pisolite-loose-carbonate
–7.9
28.6
1930
1910
 Compact-carbonate
–8.8
28.4
1931
1911
 Compact-carbonate
–10.8
27.2
 
Eastern ore field - avg
-10.8
29.6
Grushev quarry
2235
956
 Dark-gray-compact-pisolitic
–9.1
30.8
2236
957
 Dark-gray-compact-pisolitic
–9.7
28.3
2237
959
 Dark-gray-compact-pisolitic
–9.6
30.5
2238
971
 Sandy
–10.9
29.2
1969
955
 Porous-pisolite
–10.3
31.0
1967
958
 Pisolitic-oxide-carbonate
–9.5
30.7
1968
958
 Carbonate-cement
–10.1
30.4
1936
1916
 Carbonate
–7.9
28.3
1969
955
 Rose-colloured_carbonate
–10.3
31.0
2264
955
 Porous-pisolite
–10.0
27.9
2162
960
 Dark-gray-compact
–16.1
27.2
2163
961
 Dark-gray-small-cellular
–12.8
29.7
2164
962
 Dark-gray, cellular
–12.0
28.0
2165 
963 
 Dark-gray, small-cellular
–11.4
30.0
2166 
968 
 Dark-gray, cellular  
–7.3
30.2
2167 
969 
 Dark-gray, compact small-pisolitic  
–12.5
29.9
2153 
605 
  Brown-gray pisolitic  
–9.3
28.5
2155 
609 
  Brown-gray pisolitic  
–13.8
28.2
 Mine 9–10     
 
2168 
549 
 Brown-gray pisolitic  
–14.4
28.0
2159 
623 
 Brown-gray pisolitic, crumble  
–11.7
28.9
2157 
624 
 Large-pisolitic compact  
–9.1
28.9

 

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